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Evaluation of Released Tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) Varieties in Selected Districts in Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Shimelis Mohammed,
Muluneh Mekiso
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
88-92
Received:
23 August 2021
Accepted:
19 October 2021
Published:
17 November 2021
Abstract: Tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) is one of the most important staple food crops cultivated throughout the country. Evaluating and selecting high yielding tef varieties for the study area. Ten tef varieties including one standard check was planted using randomized complete block design at Endegagn, Cheha and Enamorina-Ener districts for two consecutive years; 2017-2018. The mean squares of varieties were highly significant (P≤ 0.01) for plant height and panicle length and significant for grain yield. The mean squares of locations were highly significant (P≤ 0.01) for all traits. The mean square of combined analysis for environment effect on variety (environment × variety/genotypes) were exhibited significant (P≤ 0.05) for plant height and highly significant (P≤ 0.01) for panicle length. Whereas non-significant for grain yield. So it was not necessary to perform analysis of variances for characters to each location. The highest mean grain yield was recorded for Nigus (1.44 t/ha) followed by Filagot (1.363 t/ha) and the least was Dukem (1.096 ton/ha). The tallest in plant height was variety Quncho (95.99 cm) with longer panicle length (33.84 cm) and the shortest was Simada (76.53 cm) but shortest panicle length was from Tsedey (25.79 cm). Whereas, in grain yield Nigus was the highest and stable across locations and Magna, Quncho and Tesfa were the 3rd, the 4th and the 6th stable across locations respectively. When we compare these locations, Endegagn is the potential area than Enemorina–Ener and Cheha districts. Grain yield had positive and highly significant (P≤0.01) association with plant height and panicle length at phenotypic level but non significance at genotypic level. Nigus, Magna and Quncho varieties performed best and high yielders in low rainfall spreading season at grain filling period. The result of the study revealed that Nigus, Magna and Quncho varieties should be used for low rainfall distribution season for tef production in the study area.
Abstract: Tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) is one of the most important staple food crops cultivated throughout the country. Evaluating and selecting high yielding tef varieties for the study area. Ten tef varieties including one standard check was planted using randomized complete block design at Endegagn, Cheha and Enamorina-Ener districts for two cons...
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Survey of Eucalyptus Nursery Diseases in Central and South West Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
93-96
Received:
13 October 2021
Accepted:
4 November 2021
Published:
19 November 2021
Abstract: Eucalyptus (E. camaldulensis and E. globulus) is the most widely planted exotic tree species in Ethiopia, where it is utilized for construction materials, industries, and fuel wood. From 2012 to 2013, field studies were carried out in Jimma, West Shewa, and South West Shewa Zones of Oromia regional states, focusing on agro-ecological zones to investigate diseases and pathogens associated with seedlings. Nurseries of E. camandulesis and E. globulus located in various areas were surveyed, wherever possible at different stages of growth of seedlings. A total of 12 Eucalyptus spp. nurseries were surveyed across three different Oromia regional zones. Powdery mildew, damping-off, leaf spot, and wilting diseases affecting eucalyptus seedlings in nurseries were found on both eucalyptus species. During this investigation, nursery seedlings in the examined area became weakly infected and displayed visible symptoms on both Eucalyptus spp. Alteranria, Pestalotiopsis, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia solani, Cylindrocladium, Botrytis cinerea, Odium spp and Phoma spp, are associated with disease symptoms. All recorded diseases vary from place to place and bed to bed depending on seedling age, seedling type, and microclimatic condition and nursery management practices. More surveys and identification of nursery diseases and inoculum sources need to be conducted in order to suggest for management procedures to produce high quality seeding in Ethiopia.
Abstract: Eucalyptus (E. camaldulensis and E. globulus) is the most widely planted exotic tree species in Ethiopia, where it is utilized for construction materials, industries, and fuel wood. From 2012 to 2013, field studies were carried out in Jimma, West Shewa, and South West Shewa Zones of Oromia regional states, focusing on agro-ecological zones to inves...
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New Contributions to the Flora of Beijing, China
Yueming Cui,
Wenli Yang,
Hao Liu,
Danke Zhang,
Gangmin Zhang
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
97-100
Received:
13 November 2021
Accepted:
3 December 2021
Published:
9 December 2021
Abstract: Plant diversity is the basis of human survival and development. Beijing, the capital of China, has been experiencing rapid urbanization and development, and the conservation of its biodiversity is being threatened. It is urgent to strengthen the survey of biodiversity in order to take more effective measures for protection. To evaluate the current state of plant diversity in Beijing, we carried out a large-scale field investigation in the last ten years. The line-transect and quadrat methods were used, with the regional grid (10 km×10 km) as a survey unit. In this paper, new forms of three plant species with white flowers are described, namely, Gentiana macrophylla f. alba (Gentianaceae), Pedicularis spicata f. alba (Orobanchaceae), and Elsholtzia densa f. alba (Lamiaceae). They are all important ornamental plant resources. In addition, four newly recorded species from Beijing, including Aleuritopteris grisea, Polypodium sibiricum, Androsace incana, and Sida spinosa, are discussed. This study provides an important contribution to the flora of Beijing. The results show that Beijing has a relatively rich and complex flora in North China. With increased field expeditions, more new records will be discovered. It is noteworthy that the number of alien invasive species shows a sustained increasing trend. They may have harmful impacts on the local ecosystem, and should be paid particular attention in the future researches.
Abstract: Plant diversity is the basis of human survival and development. Beijing, the capital of China, has been experiencing rapid urbanization and development, and the conservation of its biodiversity is being threatened. It is urgent to strengthen the survey of biodiversity in order to take more effective measures for protection. To evaluate the current ...
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Genetic Variability of Ethiopian Barley (Hordeum Vulgare (L.)) Genotypes for Yield and Yield Related Traits
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
101-105
Received:
10 November 2021
Accepted:
27 November 2021
Published:
10 December 2021
Abstract: The existence of genetic diversity is very essential in identifying possible genotypes for further crop improvement. One hundred thirty-five landrace barley accessions and three released varieties were evaluated for their genetic variability and the preliminary performance for agronomic importance traits using augmented block design during the 2019 main cropping season under rain-fed condition. Data were recorded from nine quantitative characters and analysis of variance indicated the presence of significant variations at (P<0.01) between the tested genotypes for days to 50% flowering, number of tillers per plant, spikelet per spike and thousands seed weight. The phenotypic and genetic coefficients of variations ranged from 11.19 to 38.84% and 3.77 to 33.87%, respectively. Both coefficients of variations had high values for the number of spikelets per spike, number of kernels per spike and grain yield. Broad sense heritability ranged from 11.35% to 98.01% and all traits had high heritability except plant height which had low heritability. Also, the genetic advance as per cent of mean ranged from 2.6 (plant height) to 67.35% (kernel per spike), respectively. Generally, the study revealed the existence of a wide range of variability among the studied barley genotypes which has paramount importance for further exploitation of genotypes for their important traits to enhance the breeding program of barley in the country.
Abstract: The existence of genetic diversity is very essential in identifying possible genotypes for further crop improvement. One hundred thirty-five landrace barley accessions and three released varieties were evaluated for their genetic variability and the preliminary performance for agronomic importance traits using augmented block design during the 2019...
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Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis for Seed Yield and Yield Related Traits in Soybean (Glycine max (L.)) Genotypes
Habte Berhanu,
Bulti Tesso,
Dagnachew Lule
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
106-110
Received:
13 September 2021
Accepted:
23 December 2021
Published:
31 December 2021
Abstract: Soybean is a very interesting food crops and several production constraints are accountable for the low productivity including poor soils fertility, lack of early maturing or drought tolerant variety, lack of high yielding varieties, disease and pest. Therefore experiment was conducted to assess the extent of genetic variability and traits associations in soybean genotypes for grain yield and its related components and thereby generate information as well as identify superior genotypes for further improvement program. A total of thirty six soybean genotypes were tested using simple lattice design with two replications at Fedis during 2018 cropping season. Most of the traits showed positive correlations among themselves both at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Seed yield had highly significant and positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation with primary number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod and plant height, indicating that simultaneous improvement of grain yields with the associated traits is favorable. Plant height exerted the highest genotypic (0.74) and phenotypic (0.54) direct effect on seed yield, and followed by hundred seeds weight and number of pods/plant showed higher genotypic direct effect on seed yield. This suggested that attention should be given for these traits mainly for direct and indirect selection for variety development.
Abstract: Soybean is a very interesting food crops and several production constraints are accountable for the low productivity including poor soils fertility, lack of early maturing or drought tolerant variety, lack of high yielding varieties, disease and pest. Therefore experiment was conducted to assess the extent of genetic variability and traits associat...
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